The Bauhaus Essay Example for Free

The Bauhaus Essay The Bauhaus is an institute for education of German architecture, industrial art and handicraft. The architect Walter Gropius founded it in Weimar in 1919. In 1925 the Bauhaus moved to Dessau, into a radically modern building, for the time, designed by Gropius. The New Bauhaus Art Institute was opened on 4th December 1926. The building complex was made of steel and glass. It was considered an architectural masterpiece. The Bauhaus was influenced by the term Truth To Materials because one its main principal is functionality. The rejection of principles is also an important influence. The designers tried to look at design completely differently than the status quo. They tried to look at things purely and simply. The Bauhaus designers did not use extravagant materials this made their designs affordable and available to the general public. The term form follows function means that if you design something, purely thinking about the function, a form will follow that meets the original function. The Idea comes from the American architect Louis Sullivan. Most of the designs from the Bauhaus follow this idea. The teaching methods of the Bauhaus are still used today. One year is spent in the university doing a variety of subjects before the pupils spend three more years studying one of the topics that they studied the first year. Marianne Brandt is an important figure in the history of modern design. Her metal designs such as the Kandem flexible bedside light (1928) and the 1924 ashtray revolutionised the design of metal ware she is also important because she was one of the first successful women designers. Here products are still made today by the Italian giants Alessi. Marcel Breuer was a master of creating simple, light and functional furniture. He was an innovator and he introduced new technological advances to design. Designs such as the 1925 Wassily Chair and the Table Laccio demonstrate his talent. Normally a prototype was as far as a design went in the Bauhaus, this is because students didnt have much money and so they couldnt afford to fund the mass production of their designs. Another reason is that this happened is because many of the designs werent desired enough by the public, to be mass-produced. I think that the Bauhaus is a very important part in the history of art. It deserves the prestige it receives as the centre of a revolution in art and design education It has produced some of the most memorable pieces of design in history and you can see how much it has inspired the designers of today just by looking at the functionality and simplicity of their work. I am sure that the Bauhaus will continue to inspire the designers of the future. The term less is more is applied to pieces of work from the Bauhaus because of the simplicity and lack of extravagance of most of the pieces creates a bigger impact that a fancy and complicated design. This is because most of the design during the time of the Bauhaus was lavish and complicated. Modern design centres on functionality and simplicity. Minimalism has a very important role to play in modern design. For me this movement plus a lot of other ideas, such as ease of mass production, started at the Bauhaus.

Euthanasia Essay - Should Physician-Assisted Suicide be Legal? :: Euthanasia Physician Assisted Suicide

Should Physician-Assisted Suicide be Legal? Throughout the twentieth century, major scientific and medical advances have greatly enhanced the life expectancy of the average person. However, there are many instances where doctors can preserve life artificially. In these cases where the patient suffers from a terminal disease or remains in a "persistent vegetative state" or PVS from which they cannot voice their wishes for continuation or termination of life, the question becomes whether or not the patient has the freedom to choose whether or not to prolong their life even though it may consist of pain and suffering. In answer to this question, proponents of physician-assisted suicide, most notably, Dr. Jack Kevorkian, are of the opinion that not only should patients be able to abstain from treatment, but if they have a terminal and/or extremely painful condition, they should be able to seek out the assistance of a doctor in order to expedite their death with as little pain as possible. Contained herein are the arguments for and against the le galization of doctor-assisted suicide, as well as where the state courts stand in respect to this most delicate of issues. In the hopes of clarification, we must first distinguish between active and passive euthanasia. Passive euthanasia involves the patient's refusal of medical assistance. It involves the right to die which is protected by the United States Constitution clauses of due process liberty and the right to privacy (Fourteenth Amendment). The right to doctor-assisted suicide, or active euthanasia, consists of, "...a patient's right to authorize a physician to perform an act that intentionally results in the patient's death, without the physician's being held civilly or criminally liable for having caused the death" . The "passive" form of euthanasia was first deemed legal by the New Jersey State Supreme Court in 1976 In re Quinlan . In the Quinlan case, the court allowed a competent patient to terminate the use of life- sustaining medical machines to prolong life. Since New Jersey's decision, all fifty states have enacted similar statutes which contain living will provisions. However, although the United States Supreme Court upheld the Quinlan decision in re Cruzan , it changed the parameters of passive euthanasia . With the Cruzan decision, the Supreme Court held that passive euthanasia was legal but only for competent adults or those who are

Bacterial Transformation Using pGLO Involving X and Y Genes

Genetic transformation is due to a direct cause in the change by genes, due to the cell in taking and expressing traits from a separate piece of DNA. Naturally proficient bacteria are able to absorb exogenous DNA and go through genetic transformation. (Chen & Dubnau, 2004) The purpose of this experiment was to discover how a gene could be moved from one organism to a different organism with the help of plasmid. The cells that are capable of acquiring these traits from the other organism are known as being competent.Weedman, 2013). In this particular experiment we will genetically transform the bacteria E. coli by inserting a gene through heat shock, this gene codes for Green Fluorescent Protein, also known at GFP. The GFP gene originally comes from a Jellyfish and under an ultraviolet light the bacteria that acquired the gene with glow a brilliant fluorescent green color. (Portman et al. 2013). If the cells' nutrient medium has the sugar arabinose added to it then GFP can be turned o n. (Weedman, 2013). To determine if our hypothesis was correct, we used four differently prepared plates.The four plates each contained a different combination of the following; arabinose, ampicillin, LB nutrient broth, and pGLO plasmid. The combinations were; +pGLO LB/amp, +pGLO LB/amp/ara, -pGLO LB/amp, and -pGLO LB. Our hypothesis was: the plates with pGLO will have growth because they are resistant to the antibiotics involved, the plate with ampicillin and without pGLO will show no growth due to the fact that the antibiotic compromises the bacteria, and the plates that will grow will be the ones containing pGLO since they obtain the trait for glowing.Materials and Methods: All methods were obtained from (Weedman, 2013) Before beginning the experiment obtain latex gloves, two microcentrifuge tubes, a beaker filled with ice, a micropipetter, micropipetter tips, transformation solution containing calcium chloride, sterile loops, pGLO, E. coli, and four plates containing different s ubstances. To begin label the two microcentrifuge tubes +pGLO and – pGLO. Then proceed to obtain 250ul of transformation solution and put it in each one of the tubes using a different miropipetter tip each time, this solution will help enhance the permeability of the cell membranes.Then use a sterile loop to acquire single colony of E. coli to add to the tube labeled +pGLO; add this by twisting the sterile loop until the pGLO is off. Then repeat the last step for the -pGLO tube using a new sterile loop. Next add pGLO to the tube labeled +pGLO, to do this take a new sterile loop and inserted it into a vile containing the plasmid pGLO. Then twist the loop into the tube labeled +pGLO, then place both tubes into the beaker filled with ice for approximately 10 minutes. While the tubes are on ice grab the four LB (Luria Bertani broth) nutrient agar plates.Each plate should be labeled either +pGLO or – GLO; you should nave 1 LB/amp/ara plate (+pGLO), 1 LB plate (-pGLO 2 LB/am p plates (+pGLO)(-pGLO). After 10 minutes in the ice bath place the tubes in a floating rack and put them in a 420C water bath for exactly 50 seconds, giving them a heat shock. Immediately place both tubes back in the ice after the water bath for approximately 2 minutes. Once 2 minutes is up remove the tubes from the ice and put them in the rack at room temperature. Using a new tip each time, add 250ul of nutrient broth to both tubes. Then close the tubes and let them sit at room temperature for 10 minutes.After 10 minutes flick both tubes with your fingers to ix the contents, then using a fresh tip each time add 100ul of the transformation solution (+pGLO) and the control (-pGLO) to their appropriately labeled plates. Using a new sterile loop each time spread the contents around in each dish. Then tape the plates together and placed them upside-down in an incubator set at 370 C for 24 hours. Results: This experiment shows how a gene can be transferred from one organism to a differe nt organism through the help of plasmid. Traits are exchanged from one DNA stand toa different one in the bacteria E. coli.Two of the plates were a control group, hich meant there was no growth after the plates were taken out of the incubator. These two control plates were the ones containing -pGLO LB/amp and -pGLO LB. The transformation plates were the two plates containing +pGLO LB/amp and +pGLO LB/ amp/ara. These two plates showed a substantial growth in bacteria after being taken out of the incubator, one plate showing a considerably larger growth than the other and they both glowed under UV light due to the pGLO. The plate that obtained the arabinose had the largest amount of growth over the 24-hour period. http://mol-bi014masters. masters. grkraJ. g/html/Genetic_Engineering4A- Transformation-Bacterial Cells. htm http://faculty. clintoncc. suny. edu/faculty/michael. gregory/files/bio%20101 [bio %20101 %201aboratory/bacterial%20transformation/results. htm Discussion: Our hypothe sis was: the plates with pGLO will have growth because they are glowing. Our results supported our hypothesis, the plates that showed growth were the plates containing +pGLO LB/amp and +pGLO LB/amp/ara. Where as the other two plates showed no growth at all, which matched our hypothesis. Michael Gregory did a previous experiment; he came to the same conclusion that our experiments' results oncluded.His experiment was identical to ours, involving the same materials and procedure. The same plates showed growth in his experiment as ours, as well as the plates that didn't show growth were the same. (Gregory, 2004). The only weakness that I could think of that would have a major effect on the results would be not using sterile equipment and causing cross contamination. Our experiments did not have any problems arise that would affect the results we obtained.

Csi Effect Essay - 1231 Words

CSI Effect Abstract Crime in America is increasing rapidly and many techniques have been created over the years in order to solve major crimes. Forensics science is one of the many techniques that have been created. Forensics is the use of science and technology to investigate and establish facts in criminal courts of law (free-dictionary, n.d). But there is an upcoming issue which involves the exaggerated details of forensics science. This paper explores the CSI Effect, compares and contrasts criminalistics which involves the nature of the crime and criminology which is the study of the criminal behavior, explores how criminalistics and criminology is fictionally portrayed in the media and how the CSI Effect influences the public†¦show more content†¦We are all now victims of the CSI Effect. The CSI Effect is a phenomenon reported by prosecutors who claim that television shows based on scientific crime solving have made actual jurors reluctant to vote to convict when forensic evidence is neither necessary nor available (Nolo, 2011). The criminalistics and criminology aspects are especially exaggerated; most evidence that is shown is not as clear in real life. Fingerprints of victims are not as easily marked or proven. DNA evidence which requires certain equipment/technology in the lab, is usually too expensive, and isn’t even something you would see in most crime labs. Crimes are also not as traceable as they seem on TV. Many crime scenes take up to week’s sometimes even months to get all of the evidence and process it. The CSI Effect is influencing the public because the more popular those crime shows get the number of student majors in forensics science has increased rapidly. They are interested in the fast pace quick higher level learning skills that the y portray in the TV only to learn that it is nothing like how it is on TV. The CSI Effect is also affecting the real world of criminal justice because it creates unreasonable expectations in the minds of jurors (Hoffmeister, 2011). They want and expect scientific evidence linking the defendant to the crimeShow MoreRelatedThe CSI Effect Essay1905 Words   |  8 Pagesin to watch either CSI or any if the other forensic and criminal investigation related television show each week (CJSG). Since then, the number of viewers has increased rapidly, as well as the amount of television shows with the same type of theme. As a result of the increase of these television programs, researchers are discovering a new phenomenon called the ‘CSI Effect’ that seems to be fueling an interest in forensic science and criminal investigations nationwide. This effect is actually the abilityRead MoreThe Csi Effect On The Minds Of Jurors909 Words   |  4 Pages The CSI Effect is becoming to take it’s place in courtrooms and the prosecutors aren t liking it. Prosecutors are feeling there is no hope for getting a conviction when it’s come to the CSI Effect because they believe that it has control over the juror’s applying justice to criminal. The CSI Effect is being criticized for not allowing prosecutors a fair chance at a conviction in a jury trial for the belief that Jurors are influenced by what they see on T.V shows and how they believe that theRead MoreThe CSI Effect and its Implications in Forensic Science Essay1769 Words   |  8 Pagesknown as the CSI effect, or the process through which devoted fans of popular crime dramas develop unrealistic notions of forensic science methods, practices, and their applications in real life cases (Mancini 544; Stevens 37; Ley, Jankowski, and Brewer 52). The CSI effect has had more negative impacts on forensic science and society than positive impacts, especially in regards to what goes on in the minds of jurors who frequently watch television programs about crime. Studying the CSI effect also leadsRead MoreThe Csi Effect On Crime1657 Words   |  7 PagesThe CSI Effect Introduction Have you ever watched a crime scene drama on television and now believe you are a forensic science expert? This is what you call the â€Å"Crime Scene Investigation Effect (CSI)†. It came into light in the early 2000’s. In 2008, Monica Robbers, an American criminologist, defined the CSI Effect as, â€Å"the phenomenon in which jurors hold unrealistic expectations of forensic evidence and investigation techniques, and have an increased interest in the discipline of forensic science†Read MorePresentation At The 2010 Cooley Law School Symposium On The Csi Effect1113 Words   |  5 Pagespresentation at the 2010 Cooley Law School Symposium on the CSI Effect. It reviews the results of two empirical studies of Michigan jurors in various jurisdictions, which previously concluded that the prosecutor version of the so-called CSI effect cannot be substantiated empirically. The article then describes merged data from the two studies and the analysis of that merged data. T he data supports the earlier suggestion of a tech effect based on cultural changes, rather than any direct impactRead MoreForensic in Pop Culture: The CSI Effect Essay1935 Words   |  8 Pagesshows could remain harmless, as it is entertainment. No matter how crude or erroneous, it is just television. However, what happens when these sources of amusement actually start being damaging? Research has shown that crime shows like the ever popular CSI: Crime Scene Investigation have started becoming significantly detrimental to criminal cases, influencing a jurors perception of what should realistically be going on with acquittal rates and wrongful convictions, but researchers have also startedRead MoreThe Csi Effect1178 Words   |  5 Pagesthat the things that take place on these shows are real. There is Law in Order SVU, 24, Bones and our favorite CSI that make people think that countless cases are open and close do to outrageous finding of DA traces. The CSI Effect is a theory that criminals are getting smarter. These shows give out numerous tactics on how many cases are cracked and suspects are arrested. The CSI Effect also results in various hang juries and miss trials due to lack of evidence. The jury is starting to need moreRead MoreCsi Effect1164 Words   |  5 Pagesorder to accurately depict how the CSI Effect strongly influences our society’s view on crime and courtroom proceedings, I will be comparing different CSI episodes to those methods and theories which apply. Throughout the paper, I will be explaining how CSI has shaped peoples’ minds in believing false claims and investigation beliefs. Watching and comparing episodes of CSI to the CSI Effect will be a prime reference in explaining how the media is placing a spin on CSI television shows. According toRead MoreForensic Misconduct1639 Words   |  7 Pagesinnocenceproject.org/understand/Unreliable-Limited-Science.php Innocence Project. (2012). Marlon Pendleton Case. Retrieved from http://www.innocenceproject.org/ cases-false-imprisonment/marlon-pendleton.php Kourtsounis, G., (2009) Combating the â€Å"csi effect†: an analysis of forensic science in north carolina. Retrieved from www.udclawreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/Kourtsounis.pdf‎ Marlon Pendleton. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.law.umich.edu/special/exoneration/Pages/casedetail.aspx?caseid=3529 Read MoreOverview of the CSI Effect on Criminal Law Proceedings2011 Words   |  8 Pageswhat has come to be known as the CSI effect. Opinions are generally divided between two groups: those who are extremely worried about the negative influence of the CSI effect and try to draw serious attention to its dangers, and those who believe that the CSI effect and the discussions surrounding it are exaggerated and there is in fact no evidence to support the negative claims to such a high and threatening extent. Before looking at several cases where the CSI effect has been blamed to have distorted